Improvement in base-burning stoves



vUNITED STATES J. Q. C. SEARLE, OF TOPEKA, KANSAS, ASSIGNOR 'IO JULIA E. SEARLE, OF

SAME PLAGE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BASE=BURN|NG `STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 89,2118, ldated April 20, 1869.

To all whom 'it may conce-ra:

Be it known that I, J. Q. C. SEARLE, of Topeka, Kansas, have invented certain linprovements in Heaters; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and eX- act description of the same.

My invention consists of a tire-pot and certain cylinders, partitions, and casings, constructed and arranged as fully described hereafter, so as to effect a thorough combustion of the fuel contained in the repot, and ot' the gases arising from the same, and thus effectually heat the said partitions and casings and the air in contact therewith.

Inorder to enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention l will now proceed to describe its construction and operation, reference being had. to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this speciication, and in which- Figure 1, Sheet No. l, is a vertical elevation of my improved heater, Fig. 2, a transverse section on the line 1 2, Fig. l; Fig. 3, a transverse section on the line 3 4, Fig. l, and Fig. 4, Sheet No. 2, a sectional elevation of a modification.

The outer casing of the heater consists of' the base A, the body B, and cylinder G, the latter being perforated above the line x Within the body B, and just below its junction with the cylinder C, is suspended a tirepot, D, consisting of an inner plate, a, and an outer plate, a', and with the space y between the two plates communicate hollow arms b, extending radially to the cylinder C. Openings c in the cylinder permit the air to pass freely into the arms, which conduct it t0 the hollow lire-pot, and from the latter it passes to a conical tube, E, extending downward from the lire-pot through two horizontal partitions, d d, into a casing, El, (in the base,) which contains the ash pan or drawer E2. Within the body B are arranged two annular dedectors, G G', forming an intermediate line, t', which surround the tube E, the deilector Gr extending from the tire-pot nearly to the partition d, and the inner deliector G from the partition d nearly to the tire-pot, and in the partition d, between the detlector Gr and the tube E, are two openings, y y', Fig. 2.

A funnel-shaped tube or feederj H, eX-

tends from the top C of the stove to a point a short distance above the arms b, and to the upper end of this feeder H is tted a cap, H. The lower end ot' the tube His inclosed by a short shield, l, forming an airchamber', w, which communicates with a chamber, w', between two inclined partitions, ff, extending from the shield to the cylinder C, and in the latter are perforations c1 for the admission of air to the chamber w. The tube H from the shield I' to its upper end is surrounded by another tube, J, for-ming an intermediate annular chamber, '0, to the upper end of which air is admitted through perlorations c2. The lire-pot is provided with a grate, K, which is operated by an arm, m, extending through the casings to the outside ot' the heater'.

The space between the partitions d d communicates with the chimneyT through a pipe, X. In the body B are openings u, in which are inserted sheets of mica; and the abase is provided with a sliding door, n, so arranged as to allow the drawer E2 to be withdrawn and replaced. The front side ot' thedrawer l2 is provided with a register, 0, and in the base are openings s t, the latter near the top and the former near the bottom of the base.

When the base of the stove is closed air is supplied to the fuel through the openings c, holiow arms b, hollow lire-pot and tube E, by opening the register o however, the air may be admitted directly to the tube E.

The heated gases and products of combustion pass from the lire-pot over its upper edge and downward between the arms b, and in contact with the outer casing ofthe stove, (which is thus thoroughly heated,) then upward through the Hue t', between the deflectors G G; then downward between the deliector G and, the tube E, and through the openings y y', and between the partitions d d', to the pipe X and to the chimney.

inasmuch as the arms b which support the lire-pot are made the means of conducting the air into the stove, they are maintained at such a temperature as not to be burned or warped by the heat ot' the fire, while the tirepot is also preserved by the constant current ot' cold air passing into and through the same.

The air is brought into contact with the heated base and partition d as it passes, first T GFFICE.

through the openings s, then out through the openings t, while at the top of the heater the perforated cylinder C permits the air to have free access to the upper plates.

The flue t', situated below the re-pot and between the latter and the outer pipe X, insures an equal distribution of the draft, so that the heated gases flow uniformly over the edge of the tire-pot, and in contact with all parts of the outer casing, instead ot' being drawn to one side merely, as would be the case without an annular flue or opening.

rl`he tubeH contains a supply of coal, which is fed continuously to the lire, but is prevented from becoming heated by the constant currents of cold air which pass continuously downward through the chamber c, the partitions fj" preventing the heat from passing upward to the cylinder, while the air passing between these partitions and between the shield I and tube H prevents these parts from being' burned away, and also 'affords a plentiful supply of oxygen to the gases as they rise from the ignited fuel.

While the shield I, with the tube H, forms an air-chamber to protect the lower end of the tube from the effects of the heat, it will be seen that it is not rconnected to the tube, so that the latter can be readily withdrawn to afford free access to the interior of the heat-er while the obstruction of the air-passages by dust, which occurs where the ordinary hollow rings are used, is prevented.

Iuasmuch as the air in its passage to the ire is confined to the tube E, it will not cool the plates ofthe stove and reduce its heating capacity, as is the case where the air has free access'to the interior of the ash-pits in stoves and heaters of the ordinary construction.

In some instances (as when the stove is in a railway-car) the drawer E2 may be dispensed with, the tube E being extended so as to pass through the bottom ot' the car or to a cellar, (when the' heater is arranged in a building,) the tube being' provided with a sliding valve to regulate the admission of air and the withdrawal of the ashes.

Such an arrangement is shown in the modification illustrated in Sheet No. 2, in which the construction of the stove is somewhat altered, the deflector G being' dispensed with, the detlector G being closed at the bottom, forming a casing, while the fire-pot rest-s upon the upper edge ofthe tube E, so that airfrom the latter passes between the plates of the tire-pot through openings c to the fire, and through an annular orifice at the' edge of the fire-pot to the heated gases.

It will be seen that the mica-covered open ings u are situated below the tire-grate, at a point opposite to the flue, for the passage of the ignited gases. By this arrangement much of the heat is radiated directly from the incandescent gases into the room, instead of being rst transmitted to the stove-plates. Should it be desirable the chambers c and w, instead of serving as airpassagesmay be tlled with asbestus, plaster, or other non-conducting material, not in the form of slabs or cylinders, (as I am aware that cylinders of fire-brick have heretofore been used in this n1anner,) but in a granulated or powdered state-an arrangement peculiarly adapted for stoves which are used in places where firebrick, when destroyed, cannot readily be replaced.

It will be apparent that my improvements may be applied to heaters of various forms, or to cooking stoves or ranges.

Without limiting myself to the precise con struction and arrangement of parts herein described,

I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. A fire-pot suspended within a heater, substantially as described, in combination with an annular flue, t', arranged as set forth.

2. A hollow lire-pot having openings at the upper edge, in combination with an air-conducting tube, E, for the purpose described.

3. The combination of the fire-pot and a series of hollow air-conducting tubes or arms, which support the pot, substantially as set forth.

4. rIhe tube E, extending from the tire-grate through the partitionl rl', and serving both to conduct the ashes to the drawer and to prevent the access of cold air to the exterior plates of the stoves.

5. The combination ofthe tire-pot D, deflectors G G', and outer casing@ of the heater, the whole heilig arranged substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. The combination of theabove, the partitions d d', openings y y', and pipe X, all arranged as set forth.

7. The feeder H, in combination with the outer perforated casing G, substantially as and for the purpose described.

8. The feeder H, consisting of two eccentric tubes and an intervening chamber containing asbestus7 or its equivalent.

9. The arrangement of the casing C, feeder H, and inclined partitions ff', extending bctween the casing and feeder, and inclosin g an air-space, w', all as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

J. Q. C. SEARLE. Witnesses:

CHARLES V. Fosrurt, EDM. F. BROWN. 

